Fitness
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<speciesfyi-glossary slug="fitness"></speciesfyi-glossary>Definition
The relative ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in a particular environment, passing on its genes.
Detailed Explanation
Fitness is always relative and context-dependent — a trait that increases fitness in one environment may reduce it in another. Inclusive fitness extends the concept to include benefits conferred on relatives sharing genes, explaining altruism in social animals. Worker honeybees sacrifice direct reproduction but boost inclusive fitness by helping raise the queen's offspring, which share 75% of their genes.