Natural Selection
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<speciesfyi-glossary slug="natural-selection"></speciesfyi-glossary>Definition
The process by which organisms with favorable heritable traits survive and reproduce more successfully in a given environment.
Detailed Explanation
Natural selection acts on heritable variation — only differences that can be passed to offspring affect evolution. It comes in multiple forms: directional selection pushes traits toward one extreme, stabilizing selection favors average values, and disruptive selection favors two extremes. Darwin's finches, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and the peppered moth during industrialization are all classic demonstrations.