Chitin
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<speciesfyi-glossary slug="chitin"></speciesfyi-glossary>Definition
A tough, flexible polysaccharide that forms the main component of insect exoskeletons and fungal cell walls.
Detailed Explanation
Chitin is the second most abundant polysaccharide on Earth after cellulose, produced by crustaceans, insects, and fungi in billions of tonnes annually. Its crystalline microfibrils are embedded in a protein matrix, creating a composite with exceptional strength-to-weight ratio. Chitin is biodegradable and has growing commercial applications in wound healing, drug delivery, and water purification. Chitinase enzymes — produced by predators of chitin-bearing organisms — are potential biocontrol agents against insect pests.