Genetics

Heredity

유전

Definition

The passing of traits from parents to offspring through genetic information encoded in DNA.

Detailed Explanation

Gregor Mendel discovered the laws of heredity in the 1860s by crossing pea plants and tracking trait ratios across generations. His laws of segregation and independent assortment underpin classical genetics. Heredity works through sexual reproduction's combination of meiosis (halving chromosome number) and fertilization (restoring it), shuffling alleles each generation and generating the variation on which natural selection acts.

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