Hamadryas baboon vs Lion

Papio hamadryas compared with Panthera leo

Key Differences

• Hamadryas baboon is Least Concern while Lion is Vulnerable.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Hamadryas baboon	Lion
Kingdom same	Animalia (Animals)	Animalia (Animals)
Phylum same	Chordata (Chordates)	Chordata (Chordates)
Class same	Mammalia (Mammals)	Mammalia (Mammals)
Order	Primates (Primates)	Carnivora (Carnivorans)
Family	Cercopithecidae (Old World Monkeys)	Felidae (Cats)
Genus	Papio	Panthera (Big Cats)
Species	Papio hamadryas	Panthera leo

Evolutionary Relationship

Hamadryas baboon and Lion share a common ancestor at the Class level: Mammalia. (Mammals)

Conservation Status

Hamadryas baboon

LC — Least Concern

Lion

VU — Vulnerable

Population: ~23.0K

Trend: Decreasing ↓

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Hamadryas baboon	Lion
Diet	—	Carnivore
Average Lifespan	—	15 years
Average Length	—	2.5 m
Average Weight	—	190.0 kg

Habitat & Geographic Range

Hamadryas baboon

Habitat

Typically found in diverse terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

Range

Found in Colombia.

Lion

Habitat

Found across multiple habitat types including tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, tropical and subtropical grasslands and savannas, and flooded grasslands and savannas, among 7 distinct biome types spanning the Afrotropic and Neotropic and Oceanian realms. Populations are also found in montane and highland environments at higher elevations.

Range

Distributed across Colombia, Ecuador, and Kenya. Currently classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, this species faces significant conservation challenges across its range.

Lion

The largest wild cat in Africa, lions reach up to 250 kg and are the only social felids, living in prides across sub-Saharan savannas and grasslands. Males are distinguished by their iconic manes. As apex predators, they regulate herbivore populations and maintain ecosystem balance. Listed as Vulnerable due to habitat loss and human-wildlife conflict.

Shared Countries

Both species can be found in 1 countries:

🇨🇴 Colombia