Great Hammerhead vs Philippine Gray Flying Fox

Sphyrna mokarran compared with Pteropus speciosus

Key Differences

• Great Hammerhead is Critically Endangered while Philippine Gray Flying Fox is Data Deficient.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Great Hammerhead	Philippine Gray Flying Fox
Kingdom same	Animalia (Animals)	Animalia (Animals)
Phylum same	Chordata (Chordates)	Chordata (Chordates)
Class	Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fish)	Mammalia (Mammals)
Order	Carcharhiniformes (Ground Sharks)	Chiroptera (Bats)
Family	Sphyrnidae (Hammerhead Sharks)	Pteropodidae (Fruit Bats)
Genus	Sphyrna (Hammerhead Sharks)	Pteropus (Flying Foxes)
Species	Sphyrna mokarran	Pteropus speciosus

Evolutionary Relationship

Great Hammerhead and Philippine Gray Flying Fox share a common ancestor at the Phylum level: Chordata. (Chordates)

Conservation Status

Great Hammerhead

CR — Critically Endangered

Trend: Decreasing ↓

Philippine Gray Flying Fox

DD — Data Deficient

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Great Hammerhead	Philippine Gray Flying Fox
Diet	Carnivore	—
Average Lifespan	40 years	—
Average Length	5.0 m	—
Average Weight	450.0 kg	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Great Hammerhead

Habitat

Found across multiple habitat types including tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests, and flooded grasslands and savannas, among 5 distinct biome types spanning the Indomalayan and Neotropic and Oceanian realms. Populations are also found in montane and highland environments at higher elevations.

Range

Distributed across Colombia, Taiwan, and Venezuela. Currently classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, this species faces significant conservation challenges across its range.

Philippine Gray Flying Fox

Habitat

Typically found in diverse terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

Great Hammerhead

The largest hammerhead shark species, great hammerheads reach up to 6 meters and are found in tropical and subtropical coastal waters worldwide. Their distinctive T-shaped head (cephalofoil) dramatically increases sensory surface area for electroreception, enabling them to detect buried stingrays through sand with exceptional precision — stingrays are a preferred prey. Critically Endangered, with populations declining dramatically due to highly valued fins and bycatch mortality.