Common Spangle Gall vs Ontong Java Flying Fox

Neuroterus quercusbaccarum compared with Pteropus howensis

Key Differences

• Common Spangle Gall is Not Evaluated while Ontong Java Flying Fox is Critically Endangered.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Common Spangle Gall	Ontong Java Flying Fox
Kingdom same	Animalia (Animals)	Animalia (Animals)
Phylum	Arthropoda (Arthropods)	Chordata (Chordates)
Class	Insecta (Insects)	Mammalia (Mammals)
Order	Hymenoptera (Ants, Bees & Wasps)	Chiroptera (Bats)
Family	Cynipidae	Pteropodidae (Fruit Bats)
Genus	Neuroterus	Pteropus (Flying Foxes)
Species	Neuroterus quercusbaccarum	Pteropus howensis

Evolutionary Relationship

Common Spangle Gall and Ontong Java Flying Fox share a common ancestor at the Kingdom level: Animalia. (Animals)

Conservation Status

Common Spangle Gall

NE — Not Evaluated

Ontong Java Flying Fox

CR — Critically Endangered

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Common Spangle Gall	Ontong Java Flying Fox
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Common Spangle Gall

Habitat

Typically found in virtually all terrestrial and freshwater habitats.

Range

Distributed across Belgium, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and United States.

Ontong Java Flying Fox

Habitat

Typically found in diverse terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

Common Spangle Gall

<em>Neuroterus quercusbaccarum</em>, commonly known as the common spangle gall, is a small gall wasp in the family Cynipidae, closely associated with oaks in Europe and western Asia. This species is notable for its complex life cycle involving alternating sexual and asexual generations, each producing morphologically distinct galls on its oak hosts. The asexual generation typically induces flat, disc-shaped "spangle" galls on the undersides of oak leaves, while the sexual generation produces small "currant" galls on oak catkins and leaves in spring. <em>Neuroterus quercusbaccarum</em> is widely distributed across Europe, extending into parts of western Asia and North Africa wherever suitable oak hosts, particularly <em>Quercus robur</em> and <em>Quercus petraea</em>, occur. The species has not been evaluated under IUCN Red List criteria, and population trends are not formally monitored, though it remains common across much of its range. Biological traits such as average lifespan in years, body dimensions, and weight remain poorly documented in the scientific literature for this minute insect. The larvae develop entirely within gall tissue, feeding on plant nutrients provided by the gall structure they induce. Adult wasps are free-living and do not feed substantially. Conservation status is listed as Not Evaluated.