Common corncockle vs Large-flowered Hemp-nettle

Agrostemma githago compared with Galeopsis speciosa

Key Differences

• Common corncockle is Critically Endangered while Large-flowered Hemp-nettle is Near Threatened.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Common corncockle	Large-flowered Hemp-nettle
Kingdom same	Plantae (Plants)	Plantae (Plants)
Phylum same	Magnoliophyta (Flowering Plants)	Magnoliophyta (Flowering Plants)
Class same	Magnoliopsida (Dicots)	Magnoliopsida (Dicots)
Order	Caryophyllales (Caryophyllales)	Lamiales (Lamiales)
Family	Caryophyllaceae	Lamiaceae
Genus	Agrostemma	Galeopsis
Species	Agrostemma githago	Galeopsis speciosa

Evolutionary Relationship

Common corncockle and Large-flowered Hemp-nettle share a common ancestor at the Class level: Magnoliopsida. (Dicots)

Conservation Status

Common corncockle

CR — Critically Endangered

Large-flowered Hemp-nettle

NT — Near Threatened

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Common corncockle	Large-flowered Hemp-nettle
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Common corncockle

Habitat

Found across multiple habitat types including montane grasslands and shrublands, tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, and temperate coniferous forests, among 13 distinct biome types. Populations are also found in montane and highland environments at higher elevations.

Range

Widely distributed across Africa (Lesotho), Asia (7 countries), Europe (24 countries), North America (Canada, Mexico, United States), Oceania and the Pacific (Australia), and South America (Brazil, Chile). Currently classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, this species faces significant conservation challenges across its range.

Large-flowered Hemp-nettle

Habitat

Typically found in diverse terrestrial habitats from tropical forests to temperate regions.

Range

Found across Europe (11 countries) and North America (Canada). Listed as Near Threatened, this species requires ongoing monitoring to prevent population decline.

Common corncockle

<em>Agrostemma githago</em>, commonly known as common corncockle, is an annual flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. Once a widespread weed of cereal crops across Europe, Asia, and beyond, this species is now Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List due to the dramatic decline caused by modern agricultural practices, particularly improved grain cleaning and herbicide use. Corncockle is a tall, slender plant covered in silky white hairs, bearing large, solitary pink to purple flowers with distinctive dark veining. Its seeds contain toxic saponin compounds called githagins, which historically contaminated grain supplies. The species now survives primarily in wildflower conservation areas, seed banks, and traditional farmland conservation schemes. It typically grows in open, disturbed arable soils with full sun exposure. Biological traits of this species remain poorly documented in the scientific literature.

Shared Countries

Both species can be found in 12 countries:

🇧🇪 Belgium 🇧🇬 Bulgaria 🇨🇦 Canada 🇩🇰 Denmark 🇫🇮 Finland 🇫🇷 France 🇮🇸 Iceland 🇮🇪 Ireland 🇳🇱 Netherlands 🇳🇴 Norway 🇸🇪 Sweden 🇬🇧 United Kingdom