Clusterspike False Indigo vs Large-flowered Hemp-nettle

Amorpha crenulata compared with Galeopsis speciosa

Key Differences

• Clusterspike False Indigo is Critically Endangered while Large-flowered Hemp-nettle is Near Threatened.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Clusterspike False Indigo	Large-flowered Hemp-nettle
Kingdom same	Plantae (Plants)	Plantae (Plants)
Phylum same	Magnoliophyta (Flowering Plants)	Magnoliophyta (Flowering Plants)
Class same	Magnoliopsida (Dicots)	Magnoliopsida (Dicots)
Order	Fabales (Legumes & Allies)	Lamiales (Lamiales)
Family	Fabaceae	Lamiaceae
Genus	Amorpha	Galeopsis
Species	Amorpha crenulata	Galeopsis speciosa

Evolutionary Relationship

Clusterspike False Indigo and Large-flowered Hemp-nettle share a common ancestor at the Class level: Magnoliopsida. (Dicots)

Conservation Status

Clusterspike False Indigo

CR — Critically Endangered

Large-flowered Hemp-nettle

NT — Near Threatened

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Clusterspike False Indigo	Large-flowered Hemp-nettle
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Clusterspike False Indigo

Habitat

Typically found in diverse terrestrial habitats from tropical forests to temperate regions.

Large-flowered Hemp-nettle

Habitat

Typically found in diverse terrestrial habitats from tropical forests to temperate regions.

Range

Found across Europe (11 countries) and North America (Canada). Listed as Near Threatened, this species requires ongoing monitoring to prevent population decline.

Clusterspike False Indigo

Amorpha crenulata, known as clusterspike false indigo or crenulate lead plant, is a critically endangered flowering shrub in the family Fabaceae with a highly restricted distribution confined to Miami-Dade County in southern Florida, USA. This species represents one of North America's rarest plants, with remaining populations numbering in the hundreds of individuals occurring in pine rockland habitat, an ecosystem itself ranked among the most imperiled in the United States. Pine rocklands are fire-dependent communities on exposed oolitic limestone, characterized by an open canopy of slash pine over diverse understory, and have been reduced to less than two percent of their historical extent by urban development in the Miami metropolitan area. Amorpha crenulata produces elongated spikes of small purple flowers typical of the genus and was historically more widespread across the Miami Rock Ridge before land development eliminated most habitat. Current populations exist primarily within Everglades National Park and a few private preserves. Its Critically Endangered status reflects the tiny remaining population, extreme habitat restriction, ongoing threats from urbanization, altered fire regimes, and sea-level rise that threatens low-elevation limestone habitats. Conservation efforts focus on habitat protection, controlled burning to maintain pine rockland structure, and ex situ seed banking.