Clover slender vs Gilliard's Flying Fox

Parectopa ononidis compared with Pteropus gilliardorum

Key Differences

• Clover slender is Endangered while Gilliard's Flying Fox is Vulnerable.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Clover slender	Gilliard's Flying Fox
Kingdom same	Animalia (Animals)	Animalia (Animals)
Phylum	Arthropoda (Arthropods)	Chordata (Chordates)
Class	Insecta (Insects)	Mammalia (Mammals)
Order	Lepidoptera (Butterflies & Moths)	Chiroptera (Bats)
Family	Gracillariidae	Pteropodidae (Fruit Bats)
Genus	Parectopa	Pteropus (Flying Foxes)
Species	Parectopa ononidis	Pteropus gilliardorum

Evolutionary Relationship

Clover slender and Gilliard's Flying Fox share a common ancestor at the Kingdom level: Animalia. (Animals)

Conservation Status

Clover slender

EN — Endangered

Gilliard's Flying Fox

VU — Vulnerable

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Clover slender	Gilliard's Flying Fox
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Clover slender

Habitat

Found across multiple habitat types including temperate broadleaf and mixed forests, temperate coniferous forests, and boreal forests and taiga, among 8 distinct biome types within the Palearctic biogeographic realm. Populations are also found in montane and highland environments at higher elevations.

Range

Found across Europe (7 countries). Currently classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List, this species faces significant conservation challenges across its range.

Gilliard's Flying Fox

Habitat

Typically found in diverse terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

Clover slender

The clover slender moth (Parectopa ononidis) is a small leaf-mining moth in the family Gracillariidae. Native to Europe, this species specializes on restharrow plants (Ononis species) in the legume family Fabaceae as its larval host. Like other Parectopa species, the larvae create distinctive blotch mines in the leaves of their host plants, feeding on the leaf tissue within the epidermis. The adult moth is typically small and narrow-winged, characteristic of the gracillariid family, with patterned forewings. This species inhabits dry grasslands, calcareous meadows, and scrubby areas where its restharrow host plants grow. It has been recorded across parts of central and western Europe, including the British Isles and continental regions. Parectopa ononidis is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List, reflecting its restricted habitat requirements and sensitivity to agricultural intensification, which has led to widespread loss of the dry calcareous grasslands it depends on. Conservation efforts for this species focus on maintaining traditional land management practices such as light grazing that support diverse wildflower communities including restharrow.