Cliff Mining Bee vs Common Dandelion

Andrena thoracica compared with Taraxacum polyodon

Key Differences

Cliff Mining Bee is Extinct while Common Dandelion is Least Concern.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Cliff Mining Bee	Common Dandelion
Kingdom	Animalia (Animals)	Plantae (Plants)
Phylum	Arthropoda (Arthropods)	Magnoliophyta (Flowering Plants)
Class	Insecta (Insects)	Magnoliopsida (Dicots)
Order	Hymenoptera (Ants, Bees & Wasps)	Asterales (Daisies & Sunflowers)
Family	Andrenidae	Asteraceae (Daisy Family)
Genus	Andrena	Taraxacum
Species	Andrena thoracica	Taraxacum polyodon

Conservation Status

Cliff Mining Bee

EX — Extinct

Common Dandelion

LC — Least Concern

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Cliff Mining Bee	Common Dandelion
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Cliff Mining Bee

Habitat

Typically found in virtually all terrestrial and freshwater habitats.

Range

Distributed across Denmark, Luxembourg, Norway, and Sweden.

Common Dandelion

Habitat

Typically found in diverse terrestrial habitats from tropical forests to temperate regions.

Range

Distributed across Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.

Cliff Mining Bee

The Cliff Mining Bee, Andrena species in the family Andrenidae, is a solitary ground-nesting bee that excavates tunnels in cliff faces, earthen banks, and compacted sandy or loamy soils, where the loose or friable substrates exposed in cliff profiles provide ideal nesting conditions. Mining bees in the genus Andrena are among the most species-rich solitary bee genera in the world, with hundreds of species across the Holarctic region, many narrowly specialized in their choice of pollen host plants. Female cliff mining bees construct vertical or angled burrows in cliff faces, with lateral cells off the main shaft, each containing a pollen ball and a single egg. Males are typically smaller and emerge before females to establish territories near nesting sites. Many Andrena species are oligolectic, collecting pollen from only a small number of plant species, making their populations sensitive to the availability of specific flowering plants in the landscape surrounding nesting areas. Cliff and bank nesting habitats provide well-drained, sun-warmed substrates essential for brood development. The loss of natural cliff faces and earthen banks to development, vegetation succession, and quarrying reduces available nesting habitat for cliff mining bees.

Common Dandelion

<em>Taraxacum polyodon</em>, a species commonly referred to as a dandelion, is a perennial herbaceous plant in the family Asteraceae. This species is distributed across Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, where it typically inhabits diverse terrestrial habitats including grasslands, roadsides, lawns, and disturbed soils. Like other members of the genus Taraxacum, <em>Taraxacum polyodon</em> is characterized by a basal rosette of toothed leaves, hollow stems, and composite yellow flower heads that mature into spherical seed heads dispersed by wind. The species is capable of reproducing apomictically, meaning seeds can develop without fertilization, which contributes to its successful colonization of a wide variety of environments. It often thrives in nutrient-rich soils and tolerates moderate disturbance. Its conservation status is assessed as Least Concern, reflecting stable populations within its Scandinavian range. The common dandelion is an ecologically important early-season nectar source for pollinators including bees and hoverflies, and its leaves and roots have historically been used in culinary and medicinal contexts.