Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat vs Queen sago

Sturnira koopmanhilli compared with Cycas circinalis

Key Differences

• Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat is Data Deficient while Queen sago is Endangered.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat	Queen sago
Kingdom	Animalia (Animals)	Plantae (Plants)
Phylum	Chordata (Chordates)	Tracheophyta
Class	Mammalia (Mammals)	Cycadopsida (Cycadopsida)
Order	Chiroptera (Bats)	Cycadales (Cycadales)
Family	Phyllostomidae	Cycadaceae
Genus	Sturnira	Cycas
Species	Sturnira koopmanhilli	Cycas circinalis

Conservation Status

Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat

DD — Data Deficient

Queen sago

EN — Endangered

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat	Queen sago
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat

Habitat

Typically found in diverse terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

Range

Distributed across Colombia and Ecuador.

Queen sago

Habitat

Found across multiple habitat types including tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, montane grasslands and shrublands, and Mediterranean forests and woodlands, among 5 distinct biome types spanning the Afrotropic and Oceanian realms. Populations are also found in montane and highland environments at higher elevations.

Range

Distributed across Marshall Islands, Portugal, South Africa, Taiwan, and United States. Currently classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List, this species faces significant conservation challenges across its range.

Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat

The Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira koopmanhilli) is a medium-sized frugivorous bat in the family Phyllostomidae, endemic to the Chocó biogeographic region of northwestern South America, where it occurs in the humid forests of the Pacific slope of Colombia and adjacent Ecuador. It belongs to the genus Sturnira — the yellow-shouldered bats — characterised by males bearing distinctive yellowish, orange, or reddish shoulder glands (from which the group's name derives), robust bodies, and rounded ears. Like all Sturnira, this species is primarily frugivorous, consuming a wide range of small, soft fruits from pioneer and forest trees, and plays an important role as a seed disperser in disturbed forest patches and forest edges. The diet of Solanaceae (nightshade family) fruits is particularly typical of the genus, and Sturnira bats are considered the primary dispersers of many pioneer Solanum species in Neotropical secondary succession, contributing directly to forest regeneration. The IUCN classifies the Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat as Data Deficient, reflecting significant uncertainty about the species' distribution limits, population size, and ecological requirements. The Chocó region continues to experience rapid deforestation, which threatens frugivorous bat diversity even where individual species lack adequate data for formal threat assessment.