Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat vs Common Eastern Fleabane

Sturnira koopmanhilli compared with Erigeron strigosus

Key Differences

• Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat is Data Deficient while Common Eastern Fleabane is Not Evaluated.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat	Common Eastern Fleabane
Kingdom	Animalia (Animals)	Plantae (Plants)
Phylum	Chordata (Chordates)	Magnoliophyta (Flowering Plants)
Class	Mammalia (Mammals)	Magnoliopsida (Dicots)
Order	Chiroptera (Bats)	Asterales (Daisies & Sunflowers)
Family	Phyllostomidae	Asteraceae (Daisy Family)
Genus	Sturnira	Erigeron
Species	Sturnira koopmanhilli	Erigeron strigosus

Conservation Status

Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat

DD — Data Deficient

Common Eastern Fleabane

NE — Not Evaluated

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat	Common Eastern Fleabane
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat

Habitat

Typically found in diverse terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

Range

Distributed across Colombia and Ecuador.

Common Eastern Fleabane

Habitat

Typically found in diverse terrestrial habitats from tropical forests to temperate regions.

Range

Widely distributed across Asia (North Korea), Europe (7 countries), and North America (United States).

Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat

The Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira koopmanhilli) is a medium-sized frugivorous bat in the family Phyllostomidae, endemic to the Chocó biogeographic region of northwestern South America, where it occurs in the humid forests of the Pacific slope of Colombia and adjacent Ecuador. It belongs to the genus Sturnira — the yellow-shouldered bats — characterised by males bearing distinctive yellowish, orange, or reddish shoulder glands (from which the group's name derives), robust bodies, and rounded ears. Like all Sturnira, this species is primarily frugivorous, consuming a wide range of small, soft fruits from pioneer and forest trees, and plays an important role as a seed disperser in disturbed forest patches and forest edges. The diet of Solanaceae (nightshade family) fruits is particularly typical of the genus, and Sturnira bats are considered the primary dispersers of many pioneer Solanum species in Neotropical secondary succession, contributing directly to forest regeneration. The IUCN classifies the Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat as Data Deficient, reflecting significant uncertainty about the species' distribution limits, population size, and ecological requirements. The Chocó region continues to experience rapid deforestation, which threatens frugivorous bat diversity even where individual species lack adequate data for formal threat assessment.

Common Eastern Fleabane

<em>Erigeron strigosus</em>, the common eastern fleabane, is a native North American wildflower in the family Asteraceae, currently not evaluated by the IUCN Red List. The species is distributed across Asia, Europe, and North America, where it typically colonizes diverse terrestrial tropical to temperate habitats, including disturbed roadsides, old fields, forest edges, meadows, and grasslands. As an annual or biennial herb, <em>Erigeron strigosus</em> typically produces numerous small, daisy-like flower heads with white to pale lavender ray florets surrounding a yellow central disc. The species blooms from late spring through summer and is well adapted to open, disturbed environments, making it a common colonizer of agricultural margins, vacant lots, and second-growth vegetation. Its achene fruits, each tipped with a pappus of bristles, are wind-dispersed, facilitating rapid colonization of suitable habitats. Common eastern fleabane provides nectar and pollen resources for a variety of generalist pollinators, including small bees, wasps, flies, and butterflies. In traditional folk medicine, various parts of fleabane species have been used by Indigenous peoples for diverse purposes. Biological traits of this species remain poorly documented in the scientific literature.