Black-winged Starling vs Common Sunda Toad

Acridotheres melanopterus compared with Duttaphrynus melanostictus

Key Differences

• Black-winged Starling is Endangered while Common Sunda Toad is Least Concern.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Black-winged Starling	Common Sunda Toad
Kingdom same	Animalia (Animals)	Animalia (Animals)
Phylum same	Chordata (Chordates)	Chordata (Chordates)
Class	Aves (Birds)	Amphibia (Amphibians)
Order	Passeriformes (Songbirds)	Anura (Frogs & Toads)
Family	Sturnidae	Bufonidae
Genus	Acridotheres	Duttaphrynus
Species	Acridotheres melanopterus	Duttaphrynus melanostictus

Evolutionary Relationship

Black-winged Starling and Common Sunda Toad share a common ancestor at the Phylum level: Chordata. (Chordates)

Conservation Status

Black-winged Starling

EN — Endangered

Common Sunda Toad

LC — Least Concern

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Black-winged Starling	Common Sunda Toad
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Black-winged Starling

Habitat

Typically found in various aerial, terrestrial, and aquatic environments.

Range

Found in Norway. Currently classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List, this species faces significant conservation challenges across its range.

Common Sunda Toad

Habitat

Typically found in freshwater habitats, moist forests, and wetlands.

Range

Widely distributed across Africa (Madagascar), Asia (4 countries), and Europe (Spain).

Black-winged Starling

The Black-winged Starling (Acridotheres melanopterus) is a species in the genus Acridotheres. It is currently classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Found in Norway. Currently classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List, this species faces significant conservation challenges across its range.

Common Sunda Toad

<em>Duttaphrynus melanostictus</em>, the common Sunda toad, is an amphibian in the family Bufonidae, order Anura. It has a wide natural distribution across South and Southeast Asia, ranging from Pakistan and India through to southern China, the Malay Peninsula, and the Indonesian archipelago, and has also been introduced to Madagascar. The species typically inhabits a broad range of environments including urban areas, agricultural land, forest edges, gardens, and disturbed habitats, demonstrating remarkable adaptability to human-modified landscapes. <em>Duttaphrynus melanostictus</em> is characterized by prominent parotoid glands behind the eyes that secrete toxic compounds serving as a defense against predators, a feature shared with other true toads. It is an opportunistic carnivore, feeding on a variety of invertebrates including insects, worms, and small arthropods. Biological traits including average lifespan under natural conditions, typical body measurements, and specific breeding parameters remain poorly documented. The species is assessed as Least Concern by the IUCN, reflecting its extensive range and high tolerance for habitat modification, though introduced populations in Madagascar represent a potentially invasive concern.