Bitter Scalewort vs coast amaranth

Porella arboris-vitae compared with Amaranthus pumilus

Key Differences

• Bitter Scalewort is Vulnerable while coast amaranth is Extinct.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Bitter Scalewort	coast amaranth
Kingdom same	Plantae (Plants)	Plantae (Plants)
Phylum	Marchantiophyta (liverwort)	Magnoliophyta (Flowering Plants)
Class	Jungermanniopsida (Jungermanniopsida)	Magnoliopsida (Dicots)
Order	Porellales (Porellales)	Caryophyllales (Caryophyllales)
Family	Porellaceae	Amaranthaceae
Genus	Porella	Amaranthus
Species	Porella arboris-vitae	Amaranthus pumilus

Evolutionary Relationship

Bitter Scalewort and coast amaranth share a common ancestor at the Kingdom level: Plantae. (Plants)

Conservation Status

Bitter Scalewort

VU — Vulnerable

coast amaranth

EX — Extinct

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Bitter Scalewort	coast amaranth
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Bitter Scalewort

Habitat

Native to Asia and Europe, inhabiting ecosystems characteristic of the region.

Range

Found across Asia (Taiwan) and Europe (5 countries). Currently classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, this species faces significant conservation challenges across its range.

coast amaranth

Habitat

Typically found in diverse terrestrial habitats from tropical forests to temperate regions.

Range

Found in Japan.

Bitter Scalewort

The Bitter Scalewort (Porella arboris-vitae) is a species in the genus Porella. It is currently classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. Native to Asia and Europe, inhabiting ecosystems characteristic of the region.

coast amaranth

Coast amaranth (Amaranthus pumilus) is an annual herb in the family Amaranthaceae, native to the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the eastern United States, where it once grew on coastal foredunes, beach strand, and shell-hash substrates above the high tide line from New York south to South Carolina. It is a low-growing, fleshy plant with small, rounded leaves and inconspicuous green flowers typical of the genus. Coast amaranth is assessed as Extinct in the Wild by the IUCN, as it has not been reliably documented from wild populations since the mid-20th century; the last confirmed collections date to the 1960s. The species' decline and likely extinction resulted from intense human pressure on Atlantic coastal habitats through shoreline development, beach stabilisation, vehicular traffic on beaches, and increased storm frequency disrupting pioneer dune vegetation. It is federally listed as Threatened in the United States, though this listing predates confirmed extinction in the wild. A small number of ex-situ accessions may exist in botanical garden collections. Genetic material and seed banking efforts represent the only remaining conservation options for this critically reduced species.