American Toad vs

Anaxyrus americanus compared with Cobetia pacifica

Key Differences

• American Toad is Least Concern while is Not Evaluated.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	American Toad
Kingdom	Animalia (Animals)	Bacteria (Bacteria)
Phylum	Chordata (Chordates)	Proteobacteria (Proteobacteria)
Class	Amphibia (Amphibians)	Gammaproteobacteria (Gammaproteobacteria)
Order	Anura (Frogs & Toads)	Pseudomonadales (Pseudomonadales)
Family	Bufonidae	Halomonadaceae
Genus	Anaxyrus	Cobetia
Species	Anaxyrus americanus	Cobetia pacifica

Conservation Status

American Toad

LC — Least Concern

NE — Not Evaluated

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	American Toad
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

American Toad

Habitat

Typically found in freshwater habitats, moist forests, and wetlands.

Range

Found in United States.

Habitat

Native to Asia, inhabiting ecosystems characteristic of the region.

Range

Found in Taiwan.

American Toad

The American Toad (Anaxyrus americanus) is a species in the genus Anaxyrus. It is currently classified as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. Typically found in freshwater habitats, moist forests, and wetlands.

Cobetia pacifica is a halophilic, gram-negative bacterium within the family Halomonadaceae, isolated from Pacific Ocean marine environments. The species epithet 'pacifica' reflects its origin in Pacific coastal and open-ocean habitats, with documented collection records from Taiwanese coastal waters and sediments. As a member of the genus Cobetia, this organism is characterized by its remarkable tolerance and requirement for elevated sodium chloride concentrations, growing optimally in marine-strength and higher salinities. Cobetia pacifica is an aerobic chemoorganotroph capable of metabolizing a diverse array of organic substrates, contributing to carbon cycling in marine ecosystems. The bacterium produces compatible solutes, primarily ectoine and betaine, that stabilize proteins and membranes under osmotic stress. Morphologically, C. pacifica appears as motile rods with polar flagellation, typical of the genus. The Cobetia lineage was separated from the paraphyletic Halomonas genus based on 16S rRNA gene phylogenies and genomic analyses that revealed coherent evolutionary groupings among Pacific-derived halophilic isolates. Members of this genus are of considerable scientific interest for understanding microbial adaptation to saline environments and have potential applications in bioremediation of saline-contaminated sites and industrial fermentation processes where salt-tolerant microorganisms confer operational advantages. The species is not evaluated under IUCN criteria, as conservation assessments are not routinely applied to prokaryotic microorganisms.