African Darter vs Choke

Anhinga rufa compared with Epichloe typhina

Key Differences

African Darter is Least Concern while Choke is Not Evaluated.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	African Darter	Choke
Kingdom	Animalia (Animals)	Fungi (Fungi)
Phylum	Chordata (Chordates)	Ascomycota (Sac Fungi)
Class	Aves (Birds)	Sordariomycetes (Sordariomycetes)
Order	Suliformes (Suliformes)	Hypocreales (Hypocreales)
Family	Anhingidae	Clavicipitaceae
Genus	Anhinga	Epichloe
Species	Anhinga rufa	Epichloe typhina

Conservation Status

African Darter

LC — Least Concern

Choke

NE — Not Evaluated

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	African Darter	Choke
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

African Darter

Habitat

Typically found in various aerial, terrestrial, and aquatic environments.

Range

Found in Norway.

Choke

Habitat

Native to North America, inhabiting ecosystems characteristic of the region.

Range

Found in United States.

African Darter

The African Darter (Anhinga rufa) is a species in the genus Anhinga. It is currently classified as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. Typically found in various aerial, terrestrial, and aquatic environments.

Choke

Choke (Epichloe typhina) is an endophytic and pathogenic fungus in the family Clavicipitaceae, phylum Ascomycota, that colonises the tissues of various cool-season grasses (Poaceae) across Europe and North America. The name refers to the disease it causes — infected grass tillers are typically 'choked' (prevented from flowering) when the fungus produces a dense, white to cream-coloured, stromata (a compact fungal structure) that surrounds the flowering stem before it can emerge, suppressing seed production. Epichloe species exist along a mutualism-parasitism continuum; some strains are biotrophic endophytes living almost entirely within grass tissues without obvious symptoms and conferring benefits to the host such as increased drought resistance and deterrence of herbivores through alkaloid production, while others — including E. typhina — are more parasitic in nature, sterilising infected host tillers. The fungus spreads via airborne ascospores produced on its stroma that infect new host plants. Related Epichloe/Neotyphodium endophytes are of great practical importance to agriculture as they produce ergot alkaloids and other compounds that can cause toxicosis in livestock grazing infected pasture grasses. As a fungal pathogen/endophyte rather than a wildlife species, it is Not Evaluated by the IUCN.