Choke vs 虎鯨

Epichloe typhina compared with Orcinus orca

Key Differences

• Choke is Not Evaluated while 虎鯨 is Data Deficient.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Choke	虎鯨
Kingdom	Fungi (真菌界)	Animalia (动物界)
Phylum	Ascomycota (子囊菌门)	Chordata (脊索动物门)
Class	Sordariomycetes (粪壳菌纲)	Mammalia (哺乳動物)
Order	Hypocreales (肉座菌目)	Cetacea (Whales & Dolphins)
Family	Clavicipitaceae	Delphinidae (Oceanic Dolphins)
Genus	Epichloe	Orcinus (Orcas)
Species	Epichloe typhina	Orcinus orca

Conservation Status

Choke

NE — Not Evaluated

虎鯨

DD — Data Deficient

Population: ~50.0K

Trend: Unknown ?

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Choke	虎鯨
Diet	—	Carnivore
Average Lifespan	—	50 years
Average Length	—	8.0 m
Average Weight	—	5.4 t

Habitat & Geographic Range

Choke

Habitat

Native to North America, inhabiting ecosystems characteristic of the region.

Range

Found in United States.

虎鯨

Habitat

Found across multiple habitat types including tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests, and tropical and subtropical grasslands and savannas, among 11 distinct biome types. Populations are also found in montane and highland environments at higher elevations.

Range

Widely distributed across Asia (Taiwan), Europe (4 countries), and South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela).

Choke

Choke (Epichloe typhina) is an endophytic and pathogenic fungus in the family Clavicipitaceae, phylum Ascomycota, that colonises the tissues of various cool-season grasses (Poaceae) across Europe and North America. The name refers to the disease it causes — infected grass tillers are typically 'choked' (prevented from flowering) when the fungus produces a dense, white to cream-coloured, stromata (a compact fungal structure) that surrounds the flowering stem before it can emerge, suppressing seed production. Epichloe species exist along a mutualism-parasitism continuum; some strains are biotrophic endophytes living almost entirely within grass tissues without obvious symptoms and conferring benefits to the host such as increased drought resistance and deterrence of herbivores through alkaloid production, while others — including E. typhina — are more parasitic in nature, sterilising infected host tillers. The fungus spreads via airborne ascospores produced on its stroma that infect new host plants. Related Epichloe/Neotyphodium endophytes are of great practical importance to agriculture as they produce ergot alkaloids and other compounds that can cause toxicosis in livestock grazing infected pasture grasses. As a fungal pathogen/endophyte rather than a wildlife species, it is Not Evaluated by the IUCN.

虎鯨

作为海豚科体型最大的成员，虎鲸（Orcinus orca）体长可达9米，体重6吨，分布于从北极到南极的所有海洋。以母系群体生活的顶级捕食者，不同种群具有独特的方言、狩猎策略和文化传统。一些种群专门捕食鱼类，另一些则捕食海洋哺乳动物。没有天敌，虎鲸位于其所栖居的每条海洋食物链的顶端。