白头海雕 vs

Haliaeetus leucocephalus compared with Coelosphaerium aerugineum

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	白头海雕
Kingdom	Animalia (动物界)	Bacteria (Bacteria)
Phylum	Chordata (脊索动物门)	Cyanobacteria (藍菌門)
Class	Aves (鳥綱)	Cyanobacteriia
Order	Accipitriformes (鷹形目)	Cyanobacteriales (蓝菌目)
Family	Accipitridae (Hawks & Eagles)	Microcystaceae
Genus	Haliaeetus (Sea Eagles)	Coelosphaerium
Species	Haliaeetus leucocephalus	Coelosphaerium aerugineum

Conservation Status

白头海雕

NE — Not Evaluated

Population: ~316.7K

Trend: Increasing ↑

NE — Not Evaluated

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	白头海雕
Diet	Carnivore	—
Average Lifespan	28 years	—
Average Length	90 cm	—
Average Weight	5.0 kg	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

白头海雕

Habitat

Found across multiple habitat types including tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests, and flooded grasslands and savannas, among 10 distinct biome types spanning the Neotropic and Palearctic realms. Populations are also found in montane and highland environments at higher elevations.

Range

Widely distributed across Europe (8 countries), North America (United States), and South America (Ecuador).

Habitat

Native to Europe, inhabiting ecosystems characteristic of the region.

Range

Distributed across Norway and Sweden.

白头海雕

白头海雕是美国国鸟，也是美国生态保护史上的成功案例，曾因滴滴涕（DDT）的广泛使用而濒临灭绝，经保护措施的实施后种群数量已显著恢复。该物种在IUCN红色名录中被评估为无危（LC），以白色头颈和尾羽与深棕色体羽形成的鲜明对比为主要识别特征。它们主要以鱼类为食，也会捕食哺乳动物和腐肉。

Coelosphaerium aerugineum is a colonial planktonic cyanobacterium in the family Merismopediaceae, forming spherical to irregularly shaped gelatinous colonies in which individual cells are arranged in a peripheral layer surrounding a central mucilaginous matrix. Like other members of the genus, C. aerugineum is found in freshwater lakes, ponds, and slow-flowing waters of the temperate zone, including Scandinavia. Cyanobacteria are among the oldest life forms on Earth, contributing to oxygen evolution in ancient oceans, and continue to play fundamental roles in modern aquatic biogeochemistry through nitrogen fixation and primary production. Coelosphaerium species can form blooms under nutrient-enriched eutrophic conditions, although they are generally less notorious for bloom formation than genera such as Microcystis or Dolichospermum. The spherical colonial architecture provides some protection against grazing by zooplankton, while the cells contain gas vesicles that assist in vertical positioning within the water column. Distribution of Coelosphaerium aerugineum spans temperate freshwater habitats across Europe, including northern countries such as Norway and Sweden, where it occurs in lakes and reservoirs during warmer months. No formal conservation assessment has been undertaken for this species, as freshwater cyanobacteria at this taxonomic level are generally not evaluated by the IUCN.