Chunky False Brook Salamander vs Gray-Orange Disk Lichen

Aquiloeurycea cephalica compared with Lecidea lapicida

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Chunky False Brook Salamander	Gray-Orange Disk Lichen
Kingdom	Animalia (สัตว์)	Fungi (เห็ดรา)
Phylum	Chordata (สัตว์มีแกนสันหลัง)	Ascomycota (Sac Fungi)
Class	Amphibia (สัตว์สะเทินน้ำสะเทินบก)	Lecanoromycetes (Lecanoromycetes)
Order	Caudata (ซาลาแมนเดอร์)	Lecideales (Lecideales)
Family	Plethodontidae	Lecideaceae
Genus	Aquiloeurycea	Lecidea
Species	Aquiloeurycea cephalica	Lecidea lapicida

Conservation Status

Chunky False Brook Salamander

LC — Least Concern

Gray-Orange Disk Lichen

LC — Least Concern

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Chunky False Brook Salamander	Gray-Orange Disk Lichen
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Chunky False Brook Salamander

Habitat

Typically found in freshwater habitats, moist forests, and wetlands.

Range

Found in Mexico.

Gray-Orange Disk Lichen

Habitat

Native to Europe and North America, inhabiting ecosystems characteristic of the region.

Range

Distributed across Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, and United States.

Chunky False Brook Salamander

The Chunky False Brook Salamander (Aquiloeurycea cephalica) is a Least Concern plethodontid salamander endemic to Mexico, found in cloud forest and humid montane habitats in the Sierra Madre Oriental and related mountain ranges. The genus Aquiloeurycea is a recently erected Mexican endemic genus segregated from the broader genus Pseudoeurycea, comprising several small, robustly built (hence 'chunky') salamanders associated with high-elevation forests. Like all plethodontids, A. cephalica is a lungless salamander that breathes entirely through its moist, vascularized skin and the lining of its mouth. It is a direct developer, skipping the aquatic larval stage entirely and laying eggs in terrestrial microhabitats such as rotting logs, leaf litter, and soil. A. cephalica inhabits cool, humid forests of pine-oak and cloud forest zones in northern Mexico, where it forages for small invertebrates in the leaf litter and soil. The IUCN assesses it as Least Concern due to its reasonably wide distribution within its montane range. Deforestation, cattle grazing, and the conversion of cloud forest to agriculture represent ongoing threats to populations throughout its range.