Choke vs pinguim-imperador

Epichloe typhina compared with Aptenodytes forsteri

Key Differences

Choke is Not Evaluated while pinguim-imperador is Near Threatened.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Choke	pinguim-imperador
Kingdom	Fungi (Fungi)	Animalia (Animals)
Phylum	Ascomycota (Sac Fungi)	Chordata (cordados)
Class	Sordariomycetes (Sordariomycetes)	Aves (ave)
Order	Hypocreales (Hypocreales)	Sphenisciformes (Penguins)
Family	Clavicipitaceae	Spheniscidae (Penguins)
Genus	Epichloe	Aptenodytes (Great Penguins)
Species	Epichloe typhina	Aptenodytes forsteri

Conservation Status

Choke

NE — Not Evaluated

pinguim-imperador

NT — Near Threatened

Population: ~595.0K

Trend: Stable →

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Choke	pinguim-imperador
Diet	—	Carnivore
Average Lifespan	—	20 years
Average Length	—	1.1 m
Average Weight	—	40.0 kg

Habitat & Geographic Range

Choke

Habitat

Native to North America, inhabiting ecosystems characteristic of the region.

Range

Found in United States.

pinguim-imperador

Habitat

Found across multiple habitat types including temperate broadleaf and mixed forests, temperate coniferous forests, and boreal forests and taiga, among 4 distinct biome types within the Palearctic biogeographic realm. Populations are also found in montane and highland environments at higher elevations.

Range

Found in Norway. Listed as Near Threatened, this species requires ongoing monitoring to prevent population decline.

Choke

Choke (Epichloe typhina) is an endophytic and pathogenic fungus in the family Clavicipitaceae, phylum Ascomycota, that colonises the tissues of various cool-season grasses (Poaceae) across Europe and North America. The name refers to the disease it causes — infected grass tillers are typically 'choked' (prevented from flowering) when the fungus produces a dense, white to cream-coloured, stromata (a compact fungal structure) that surrounds the flowering stem before it can emerge, suppressing seed production. Epichloe species exist along a mutualism-parasitism continuum; some strains are biotrophic endophytes living almost entirely within grass tissues without obvious symptoms and conferring benefits to the host such as increased drought resistance and deterrence of herbivores through alkaloid production, while others — including E. typhina — are more parasitic in nature, sterilising infected host tillers. The fungus spreads via airborne ascospores produced on its stroma that infect new host plants. Related Epichloe/Neotyphodium endophytes are of great practical importance to agriculture as they produce ergot alkaloids and other compounds that can cause toxicosis in livestock grazing infected pasture grasses. As a fungal pathogen/endophyte rather than a wildlife species, it is Not Evaluated by the IUCN.

pinguim-imperador

O maior pinguim do mundo, os pinguins-imperadores medem até 1,2 metro de altura e pesam 45 kg, habitando o continente antártico em algumas das condições mais extremas da Terra. Reproduzem-se no meio do inverno, na escuridão, a temperaturas abaixo de -60°C, com os machos incubando ovos únicos sobre os pés sob uma bolsa de criação por 65 dias enquanto as fêmeas estão no mar. Seu comportamento de aglomeração — onde os indivíduos revezam-se pelo centro quente de grupos de milhares — é uma obra-prima de sobrevivência cooperativa.