Epigenetics and DNA Methylation

Genetics & Genomics 1975

Discoverers: Robin Holliday, Arthur Riggs

Overview

Proposal that methylation of cytosine bases in DNA can regulate gene expression without altering the underlying sequence, introducing epigenetic inheritance.

Significance

Demonstrated that gene activity can be heritably modified by chemical marks, explaining phenomena like X-chromosome inactivation and genomic imprinting.

Methodology

Biochemical analysis of 5-methylcytosine distribution and restriction enzyme sensitivity patterns in mammalian DNA.

Impact