Common corncockle vs Red-crested Cardinal

Agrostemma githago compared with Paroaria coronata

Key Differences

Common corncockle is Critically Endangered while Red-crested Cardinal is Least Concern.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Common corncockle	Red-crested Cardinal
Kingdom	Plantae (식물)	Animalia (동물)
Phylum	Magnoliophyta (피자식물문)	Chordata (척삭동물)
Class	Magnoliopsida (목련강)	Aves (새)
Order	Caryophyllales (석죽목)	Passeriformes (참새목)
Family	Caryophyllaceae	Thraupidae
Genus	Agrostemma	Paroaria
Species	Agrostemma githago	Paroaria coronata

Conservation Status

Common corncockle

CR — Critically Endangered

Red-crested Cardinal

LC — Least Concern

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Common corncockle	Red-crested Cardinal
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Common corncockle

Habitat

Found across multiple habitat types including montane grasslands and shrublands, tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, and temperate coniferous forests, among 13 distinct biome types. Populations are also found in montane and highland environments at higher elevations.

Range

Widely distributed across Africa (Lesotho), Asia (7 countries), Europe (24 countries), North America (Canada, Mexico, United States), Oceania and the Pacific (Australia), and South America (Brazil, Chile). Currently classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, this species faces significant conservation challenges across its range.

Red-crested Cardinal

Habitat

Typically found in various aerial, terrestrial, and aquatic environments.

Range

Widely distributed across Asia (Japan, Taiwan, United Arab Emirates), Europe (8 countries), North America (United States), and South America (Chile, Ecuador, Peru).

Common corncockle

<em>Agrostemma githago</em>, commonly known as common corncockle, is an annual flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. Once a widespread weed of cereal crops across Europe, Asia, and beyond, this species is now Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List due to the dramatic decline caused by modern agricultural practices, particularly improved grain cleaning and herbicide use. Corncockle is a tall, slender plant covered in silky white hairs, bearing large, solitary pink to purple flowers with distinctive dark veining. Its seeds contain toxic saponin compounds called githagins, which historically contaminated grain supplies. The species now survives primarily in wildflower conservation areas, seed banks, and traditional farmland conservation schemes. It typically grows in open, disturbed arable soils with full sun exposure. Biological traits of this species remain poorly documented in the scientific literature.

Red-crested Cardinal

붉은볏홍관조(Paroaria coronata)는 선명한 붉은 볏, 흰 얼굴, 회색 몸을 가진 눈에 띄는 중형 조류로, 볼리비아·브라질에서 아르헨티나에 이르는 남아메리카가 원산지다. 하와이와 기타 태평양 섬들에 도입되어 호놀룰루의 상징적인 정원새가 되었다. 덤불 가장자리, 초원, 교외 정원에 서식하며 씨앗과 소형 곤충을 먹는다. 이름과 외관의 유사성에도 불구하고 북아메리카 홍관조와 근연종이 아닌 탠저 과에 속한다.