Cliff Mining Bee vs

Andrena thoracica compared with Ochrolechia subviridis

Key Differences

Cliff Mining Bee is Extinct while is Vulnerable.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Cliff Mining Bee
Kingdom	Animalia (동물)	Fungi (균계)
Phylum	Arthropoda (절지동물)	Ascomycota (자낭균류)
Class	Insecta (곤충)	Lecanoromycetes (요강버섯강)
Order	Hymenoptera (벌목)	Pertusariales (Pertusariales)
Family	Andrenidae	Ochrolechiaceae
Genus	Andrena	Ochrolechia
Species	Andrena thoracica	Ochrolechia subviridis

Conservation Status

Cliff Mining Bee

EX — Extinct

VU — Vulnerable

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Cliff Mining Bee
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Cliff Mining Bee

Habitat

Typically found in virtually all terrestrial and freshwater habitats.

Range

Distributed across Denmark, Luxembourg, Norway, and Sweden.

Habitat

Native to Europe, inhabiting ecosystems characteristic of the region.

Range

Distributed across Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. Currently classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, this species faces significant conservation challenges across its range.

Cliff Mining Bee

The Cliff Mining Bee, Andrena species in the family Andrenidae, is a solitary ground-nesting bee that excavates tunnels in cliff faces, earthen banks, and compacted sandy or loamy soils, where the loose or friable substrates exposed in cliff profiles provide ideal nesting conditions. Mining bees in the genus Andrena are among the most species-rich solitary bee genera in the world, with hundreds of species across the Holarctic region, many narrowly specialized in their choice of pollen host plants. Female cliff mining bees construct vertical or angled burrows in cliff faces, with lateral cells off the main shaft, each containing a pollen ball and a single egg. Males are typically smaller and emerge before females to establish territories near nesting sites. Many Andrena species are oligolectic, collecting pollen from only a small number of plant species, making their populations sensitive to the availability of specific flowering plants in the landscape surrounding nesting areas. Cliff and bank nesting habitats provide well-drained, sun-warmed substrates essential for brood development. The loss of natural cliff faces and earthen banks to development, vegetation succession, and quarrying reduces available nesting habitat for cliff mining bees.

Ochrolechia subviridis는 해양성 및 산악 서식지의 규산질 암석과 나무 껍질에 두꺼운 녹회색에서 흰색 반점을 형성하는 각피성 지의류다. 창백하고 분말 상태의 표면을 가진 원판 모양의 자실층을 생성하며, 우스닌산 화합물을 함유한다. 취약 상태는 제한된 서식 범위 내에서 서식지 변화와 대기 오염에 대한 민감성을 반영한다.