Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat vs

Sturnira koopmanhilli compared with Tuber maculatum

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat
Kingdom	Animalia (동물)	Fungi (균계)
Phylum	Chordata (척삭동물)	Ascomycota (자낭균류)
Class	Mammalia (포유류)	Pezizomycetes (술잔버섯강)
Order	Chiroptera (박쥐)	Pezizales (주발버섯목)
Family	Phyllostomidae	Tuberaceae
Genus	Sturnira	Tuber
Species	Sturnira koopmanhilli	Tuber maculatum

Conservation Status

Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat

DD — Data Deficient

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat

Habitat

Typically found in diverse terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

Range

Distributed across Colombia and Ecuador.

Habitat

Native to Europe, inhabiting ecosystems characteristic of the region.

Range

Distributed across Belgium, Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.

Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat

The Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira koopmanhilli) is a medium-sized frugivorous bat in the family Phyllostomidae, endemic to the Chocó biogeographic region of northwestern South America, where it occurs in the humid forests of the Pacific slope of Colombia and adjacent Ecuador. It belongs to the genus Sturnira — the yellow-shouldered bats — characterised by males bearing distinctive yellowish, orange, or reddish shoulder glands (from which the group's name derives), robust bodies, and rounded ears. Like all Sturnira, this species is primarily frugivorous, consuming a wide range of small, soft fruits from pioneer and forest trees, and plays an important role as a seed disperser in disturbed forest patches and forest edges. The diet of Solanaceae (nightshade family) fruits is particularly typical of the genus, and Sturnira bats are considered the primary dispersers of many pioneer Solanum species in Neotropical secondary succession, contributing directly to forest regeneration. The IUCN classifies the Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat as Data Deficient, reflecting significant uncertainty about the species' distribution limits, population size, and ecological requirements. The Chocó region continues to experience rapid deforestation, which threatens frugivorous bat diversity even where individual species lack adequate data for formal threat assessment.

Tuber maculatum은 흰색 또는 크림색 외피에 어두운 반점이 있어 얼룩덜룩한 외관을 지닌 지하 자실체 자낭균류로, '흰색 트러플' 또는 '얼룩 트러플'로도 불립니다. 유럽 온대 산림의 석회질 토양에 서식하며 참나무, 개암나무 등 활엽수와 외생균근 공생 관계를 형성합니다. 이 지하 균류는 나무 뿌리와 영양분 교환 관계를 맺고, 자신의 자극적인 향에 이끌린 굴 파는 동물에 의해 포자를 분산시킵니다.