ホンツメイカ (clawed calamary squid)

The Clawed Calamary Squid, Abraliopsis hoylei, is a small oceanic cephalopod in the family Enoploteuthidae found in tropical and subtropical waters of the Indo-Pacific Ocean. Like other members of the genus Abraliopsis, it is a mesopelagic to bathypelagic squid that undertakes diel vertical migrations, descending to deeper waters during the day and ascending into the epipelagic zone at night to feed. The common name refers to the robust, hook-like modifications on the suckers of the tentacular clubs, which function as grasping claws to secure prey. Abraliopsis hoylei has a streamlined, torpedo-shaped mantle with well-developed fins and large, highly developed eyes adapted for vision in low-light conditions. It is bioluminescent, producing light through photophores distributed across the ventral surface of the mantle, arms, and head, which may serve in counterillumination camouflage or intraspecific communication. The species feeds primarily on small fish, crustaceans, and other squids. It is itself consumed by a wide variety of predators including tunas, billfishes, dolphins, and seabirds. Clawed Calamary Squids have a short lifespan, probably less than one year, with rapid growth and early sexual maturity typical of oceanic squids. The species has not been formally assessed by IUCN.