Mourning Cloak vs small tortoiseshell

Nymphalis antiopa compared with Aglais urticae

Key Differences

• Mourning Cloak is Critically Endangered while small tortoiseshell is Near Threatened.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Mourning Cloak	small tortoiseshell
Kingdom same	Animalia (動物)	Animalia (動物)
Phylum same	Arthropoda (節足動物)	Arthropoda (節足動物)
Class same	Insecta (昆虫)	Insecta (昆虫)
Order same	Lepidoptera (チョウ目)	Lepidoptera (チョウ目)
Family same	Nymphalidae (Brush-footed Butterflies)	Nymphalidae (Brush-footed Butterflies)
Genus	Nymphalis	Aglais
Species	Nymphalis antiopa	Aglais urticae

Evolutionary Relationship

Mourning Cloak and small tortoiseshell share a common ancestor at the Family level: Nymphalidae. (Brush-footed Butterflies)

Conservation Status

Mourning Cloak

CR — Critically Endangered

small tortoiseshell

NT — Near Threatened

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Mourning Cloak	small tortoiseshell
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Mourning Cloak

Habitat

Found across multiple habitat types including temperate broadleaf and mixed forests, temperate coniferous forests, and boreal forests and taiga, among 9 distinct biome types within the Palearctic biogeographic realm. Populations are also found in montane and highland environments at higher elevations.

Range

Found across Europe (39 countries) and North America (Canada, United States). Currently classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, this species faces significant conservation challenges across its range.

small tortoiseshell

Habitat

Typically found in virtually all terrestrial and freshwater habitats.

Range

Found across Europe (41 countries). Listed as Near Threatened, this species requires ongoing monitoring to prevent population decline.

Mourning Cloak

モーニング・クローク（Nymphalis antiopa）は IUCN レッドリストで絶滅危惧 I 類（CR）に分類されています。深刻な個体数の減少と生息地の喪失により、野生での絶滅リスクが極めて高い状況にあります。

small tortoiseshell

スモールトータスシェル(Aglais urticae)はIUCNレッドリストで準絶滅危惧(NT)に分類されている。絶滅危惧種に分類される一歩手前の段階で、保全措置がなければ脆弱になる可能性のある個体群を持つ。

Shared Countries

Both species can be found in 39 countries:

🇦🇱 Albania 🇦🇩 Andorra 🇦🇹 Austria 🇧🇾 Belarus 🇧🇪 Belgium 🇧🇦 Bosnia and Herzegovina 🇧🇬 Bulgaria 🇭🇷 Croatia 🇨🇿 Czech Republic 🇩🇰 Denmark 🇪🇪 Estonia 🇫🇮 Finland 🇫🇷 France 🇩🇪 Germany 🇬🇷 Greece 🇭🇺 Hungary 🇮🇹 Italy 🇱🇻 Latvia 🇱🇮 Liechtenstein 🇱🇹 Lithuania 🇱🇺 Luxembourg 🇲🇹 Malta 🇲🇩 Moldova 🇲🇪 Montenegro 🇳🇱 Netherlands 🇲🇰 North Macedonia 🇳🇴 Norway 🇵🇱 Poland 🇵🇹 Portugal 🇷🇴 Romania 🇷🇺 Russia 🇷🇸 Serbia 🇸🇰 Slovakia 🇸🇮 Slovenia 🇪🇸 Spain 🇸🇪 Sweden 🇨🇭 Switzerland 🇺🇦 Ukraine 🇬🇧 United Kingdom