Java Sparrow vs small tortoiseshell

Lonchura oryzivora compared with Aglais urticae

Key Differences

Java Sparrow is Vulnerable while small tortoiseshell is Near Threatened.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Java Sparrow	small tortoiseshell
Kingdom same	Animalia (hewan)	Animalia (hewan)
Phylum	Chordata (Chordates)	Arthropoda (Artropoda)
Class	Aves (burung)	Insecta (serangga)
Order	Passeriformes (burung pengicau)	Lepidoptera (Butterflies & Moths)
Family	Estrildidae	Nymphalidae (Brush-footed Butterflies)
Genus	Lonchura	Aglais
Species	Lonchura oryzivora	Aglais urticae

Evolutionary Relationship

Java Sparrow and small tortoiseshell share a common ancestor at the Kingdom level: Animalia. (hewan)

Lihat Kingdom: Animalia

Conservation Status

Java Sparrow

VU — Vulnerable

small tortoiseshell

NT — Near Threatened

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Java Sparrow	small tortoiseshell
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Java Sparrow

Habitat

Found across multiple habitat types including tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, tropical and subtropical grasslands and savannas, and flooded grasslands and savannas, among 6 distinct biome types spanning the Afrotropic and Indomalayan realms. Populations are also found in montane and highland environments at higher elevations.

Range

Widely distributed across Africa (Tanzania), Asia (Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam), Europe (5 countries), North America (United States), Oceania and the Pacific (Australia), and South America (Colombia, Venezuela). Currently classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, this species faces significant conservation challenges across its range.

small tortoiseshell

Habitat

Typically found in virtually all terrestrial and freshwater habitats.

Range

Found across Europe (41 countries). Listed as Near Threatened, this species requires ongoing monitoring to prevent population decline.

Java Sparrow

One of the most popular cage birds in East Asia, Java sparrows are striking finches with grey plumage, a bold black head, distinctive white cheek patches, and a bright red bill. Native to Java and Bali in Indonesia, they have been introduced to many parts of Asia, Africa, and the Americas. They inhabit open grasslands, rice fields, and farmland, often becoming pests on rice crops. Listed as Vulnerable in their native range due to severe trapping pressure for the cage bird trade.

small tortoiseshell

small tortoiseshell (Aglais urticae) is classified as Near Threatened (NT) on the IUCN Red List. Close to qualifying as threatened, with populations that may become vulnerable without conservation action.