Extinct
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<speciesfyi-glossary slug="extinct"></speciesfyi-glossary>Definition
A species with no living individuals remaining anywhere on Earth, classified as EX on the IUCN Red List.
Detailed Explanation
Extinction is permanent — every species lost takes with it millions of years of evolutionary history and unique ecological functions. Since 1500, humans have driven over 800 documented extinctions, and the true toll is estimated to be far higher. Current extinction rates are 100-1,000 times background rates, defining the sixth mass extinction. Extinction cascades when losing one species eliminates others that depended on it.