Ecosystem
생태계
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<speciesfyi-glossary slug="ecosystem"></speciesfyi-glossary>Definition
A community of living organisms interacting with their physical environment as a functional unit, exchanging energy and matter.
Detailed Explanation
Ecosystems operate through a continuous flow of energy and cycling of nutrients — sunlight enters via photosynthesis and exits as heat, while carbon and nitrogen loop through living and non-living components. A coral reef exemplifies this: algae fix energy, fish graze, predators hunt, and decomposers recycle waste. Disrupting one element can cascade through the whole system.