Discovery of Bioluminescence Mechanisms
Marine Biology & Oceanography
1962
Discoverers: Osamu Shimomura
Overview
Isolation and characterisation of green fluorescent protein (GFP) from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria, revealing the chemistry of marine bioluminescence.
Significance
GFP became one of the most important tools in biological research, allowing scientists to visualise gene expression and protein dynamics in living cells.
Methodology
Purification of GFP from 10,000 jellyfish specimens, determining its chromophore structure and fluorescence properties.
Impact
- Created GFP as a revolutionary biological tool
- Enabled live-cell imaging
- Awarded 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry