Coimbra-Filho’s Titi vs Sugargum

Callicebus coimbrai compared with Eucalyptus cladocalyx

Key Differences

• Coimbra-Filho’s Titi is Endangered while Sugargum is Vulnerable.

Taxonomic Classification

Rank	Coimbra-Filho’s Titi	Sugargum
Kingdom	Animalia (حيوانات)	Plantae (نباتات)
Phylum	Chordata (حبليات)	Magnoliophyta (كاسيات البذور)
Class	Mammalia (ثدييات)	Magnoliopsida (ماغنولانية)
Order	Primates (رئيسيات)	Myrtales (آسيات)
Family	Pitheciidae	Myrtaceae
Genus	Callicebus	Eucalyptus
Species	Callicebus coimbrai	Eucalyptus cladocalyx

Conservation Status

Coimbra-Filho’s Titi

EN — Endangered

Sugargum

VU — Vulnerable

Physical Characteristics

Attribute	Coimbra-Filho’s Titi	Sugargum
Diet	—	—
Average Lifespan	—	—
Average Length	—	—
Average Weight	—	—

Habitat & Geographic Range

Coimbra-Filho’s Titi

Habitat

Typically found in diverse terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

Sugargum

Habitat

Found across multiple habitat types including flooded grasslands and savannas, deserts and xeric shrublands, and mangrove forests and coastal wetlands, among 5 distinct biome types spanning the Afrotropic and Palearctic realms. Populations are also found in montane and highland environments at higher elevations.

Range

Widely distributed across Africa (6 countries), Asia (India), Europe (Portugal), North America (United States), and South America (Brazil, Ecuador). Currently classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, this species faces significant conservation challenges across its range.

Coimbra-Filho’s Titi

The Coimbra-Filho's Titi (Callicebus coimbrai), also known as Coimbra-Filho's Titi Monkey, is a small New World monkey in the family Pitheciidae, named in honour of the Brazilian primatologist Adelmar F. Coimbra-Filho. This titi monkey is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil, with its range restricted to the states of Sergipe and southern Alagoas—one of the most critically fragmented and threatened biomes on Earth. Adults are small, with reddish-brown fur on the flanks and upperparts, pale grey on the underparts, and an orange-red forehead band. Like all titi monkeys, Callicebus coimbrai is highly social, living in monogamous family groups of 2–5 individuals that engage in elaborate dawn duets and tail-twining behaviour as expressions of pair bonding. The species inhabits Atlantic Forest fragments, including lowland and highland forest patches, riverine gallery forest, and secondary growth, where it subsists on fruits, seeds, leaves, and occasional invertebrates. The Coimbra-Filho's Titi is classified as Endangered by the IUCN due to its severely fragmented range within one of the world's most deforested biomes, with less than 12% of original Atlantic Forest remaining, ongoing habitat loss from agricultural expansion, and small, isolated population sizes highly vulnerable to stochastic extinction events.